Younger education realms look more like supervised and subtly directed play. Literacy and numeracy remain essentials. As kids get older, they choose fields of interest and move outwards from there.

As for titles:

if the occupation is clear, then the occupation is the honourific
otherwise, default to what is obvious. Like the species
if even that is not immediately known, then the catch-all 'Cogniscent' works to suffice.

And yes, student is an occupation. It's an investment occupation, where you earn a potential future via what boils down to sweat equity.