The nitrogen cycle is an important issue that almost everyone faces in science classes. The nitrogen cycle is a phenomenon that directly affects the viability through the distribution of minerals in the nature with minerals, animals and plants, and its distribution in the world.
Nitrogen (N2) is also present in the universe since the beginning of life. Atmosphere and nitrogen in the oceans. When living things need oxygen and carbon dioxide, nitrogen is needed. Due to the oxygen and carbon dioxide required to maintain vigor, nitrogen needs to grow and develop.
This is because nitrogen is one of the important components of protein and DNA. Nucleic acids, proteins and vitamins in living organisms contain 15 percent nitrogen. The gaseous nitrogen corresponds to about 78 percent of the atmosphere. The triple covalent bond, which we will remember from chemistry courses, keeps these nitrogen atoms tightly together.
It has been observed that the nitrogen cycle takes place in a thin layer of the biosphere. The nitrogen compounds in this thin crust are converted into each other. This transformation is called the nitrogen cycle. This natural phenomenon, which plays a major role in the continuity of life, is responsible for ensuring that nitrogen compounds are transformed into soil, living and re-soil. During the cycle, part of the nitrogen returns to the atmosphere, but is recycled.
Living things do not take nitrogen as in the air. They need to convert this gas to use it. There is also a need for a cycle in order not to consume gas. With this cycle, the nitrogen returns to the atmosphere. It also provides microscopic examination of bacteria and legumes.
Nitrogen is in a continuous cycle. This cycle ensures that the nitrogen rate in the world remains constant and life is maintained.
What is fixation, why is it important for the nitrogen cycle?
Even if nitrogen is small, it can also be used in some gaseous form by some organisms. In order for the organisms in the ecosystem to use such nitrogen, it is necessary to fix the atmospheric nitrogen gas by unnatural means. For this purpose, the nitrogen gas can be connected in different forms and converted into usable compounds. This is called fixation. As a result of the fixing event, the unnatural form appears as ammonia and nitrate. Nitrogen fixation in the world is carried out in some organisms such as biological organisms such as Rhizobium and Anabeana. These processes are triggered by physicochemical factors such as lightning and volcano movements where nitrogen is converted to nitrate. In addition, industrial processes are also effective in this case. For example, the production of nitrate fertilizers in synthetic form also affects this.
According to the determinations, the annual nitrogen fixation is mostly done with biological fixation. Artificial fixation with fertilizer production is almost half of biological fixation. Fixation of physicochemical pathways such as lightning and lightning is almost equal to 1% in 8% of biological fixation.
Biological detection of Rhizobium type bacteria, some legumes live in symbiotic form. Biological nitrogen fixation in water ecosystems occurs mainly with blue and green algae called Anabeana and Oscillatoria. In the ecosystem of the soil, we see that bacteria called Azotobacter and Clostridium perform biological fixation.
The fixed nitrogen is taken up by the plants before they can be used by other creatures. In other words, it is organic. This is a must. Regardless of this, nitrate-shaped inorganic nitrogen, which enters the fixation and is mixed with soil and water, is dissolved in water and taken up by plants. It is used in bio-molecular production such as nitrate, protein and nucleic acid absorbed by plants. That is, nitrogen permits the transition from an abiotic system to a biotic system. By feeding the plants, it reaches all living things. Nitrogen also returns to the soil if the plants and animals produce waste and die. Denitrification bacteria in soil convert nitrite and nitrate to nitrogen gas. In this way, the nitrogen is again mixed into the atmosphere.
The enzyme used by bacteria for nitrogen binding is nitrogen. Nitrogenase enzyme is formed by a combination of two proteins. It is known that these proteins are combined and combined 8 times in a few seconds in order to eliminate the bonds of the two atoms or to remove the ammonia molecule from 1 molecule N 2.
Nitrogen viability and the importance of dead organisms for nitrogen
Since nitrogen is in a continuous cycle, the nitrogen rate in the world never ends and remains constant. This is a must for the continuation of vividness. When they die, they die. This means recovering the nitrogen consumed to the soil.
