In relation to her political patron, Oca Malapitan, for example, Maricel was adamant that theirs was a purely transactional relationship. She did not feel any debt to Oca. At other times, she had incurred

Furthermore, the focus on hierarchy and coercion in exchange relations allows us to explore the entangled relations with authority (for instance, the police). While when analyzing the drug war, most of

In his 2014 book Cultural Intimacy, Michael Herzfeld expands the intimate beyond the domestic by suggesting that in any given polity (in his case, the nation), there are intimate ways of knowing each other;

We propose the overarching concept of communal intimacy to develop the understanding of this form of politics. The concern with intimacy emerged for us long before Duterte’s drug war, when we did field-

A banner clamoring for justice for the violent murder of Aris. Photo by Steffen Jensen.FIGURE 4.Family members mourn the death of a child killed amid the crossfire of vigilante killings. FromBagong Silang,

While there have been incidents of overt resistance also in Bagong Silang (Palatino 2019), outright opposition has frequently been the domain of human rights organizations, the Catholic church, and some

He built the campaign on the back of his reputation from the southern city of Davao, where he and his family had been running local politics for decades. As he became known for his crackdown on crime in

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1This image has been reproduced in much of the documentation from human rights organizations that aim to place a smoking gun in the hands of the president (Amnesty International 2017; Human Rights Watch

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To answer this, we need to turn to the material and symbolic conditions for making community especially in places where the drug war has been most intensely waged. As Jensen and Hapal point out, in

It thus seeks to re-create a sense of community predicated on the exclusion of the accursed other, whose disposability defines the limits of one’s security.How so? Is the dialectic of fear and security

We see this, for example, in one of their accounts that show how community and violence, appear to be co-constitutive to residents of the barangay: Kuya Jerry had been killed in a drug bust. He was the

Foreword Vicente L. Rafael Set in the sprawling barangay of Bagong Silang in Metro Manila, Steffen Jensen and Karl Hapal’s research for their book began several years ago, prior to the onset of the COVID-19