The following figure shows perfectly which languages are suitable for different purposes, such as Web, Mobile and Desktop. What it does not show though is which language should you use for Embedded Systems. But I can tell you that C rules in that domain. However, Python has also been making inroads into the embedded domain, as it is quite popular with people programming the Raspberry Pi boards. Also for things like compilers, operating systems, game programming and even cryptocurrency software, C++ is quite popular, which is also not shown in this diagram.
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