The onion plant (Allium cepa var ascalonicum) is thought to have originated from Asia. Some literature says that this plant originated in Central Asia, especially the Palestinian and Indian regions, but some predicted that the origin of the onion plants originated in Southeast Asia and the Mediterranean. Another source said the origin of onions came from Iran and the mountains of northern Pakistan.
From various searches in literature and sources, there are similarities in the way that onions are the oldest plant of cultivation by humans. this is demonstrated in the days I and II Dynasti (3200-2700) BC, where Egyptians describe red onions on their statues and monuments. While in Israel, onion plants are known in 1500 BC.
Ancient Greek relics clarify, how old the cultivation of onions, which should have been 4000 years ago. In Western Europe, Eastern Europe and Spain, it is suspected this plant was cultivated 1000 years ago, then spread to America, especially the United States. In subsequent dispersal, red onions evolved into the Far East and South Asia.1
The onion flower is a compound interest in the form of bunches from 50-200 flower buds. At the tip and the base of the rod is smaller and in the center of the bulge, its shape is like a hollow pipe inside it. The stalk of this bunch is very long, higher than its own leaves and reaches 30-50 cm. The red onion flowers include the perfect flower that each flower contains stamens and pistils. Fruit is actually formed from 3 leaves of fruit called carpel, which forms three pieces of space and in each room there are 2 seed candidates. Fruit round with a blunt tip. The seed shape is rather flat. Onion seeds can be used as propagation material of generative plants.
Onions contain vitamin C, potassium, fiber, and folic acid. In addition, onions also contain calcium and iron. Onions also contain natural growth regulators such as auxin and gibberellin hormones. Other uses of onion are as traditional medicine, onion is known as medicine because it contains antiseptic effect and alliin compound. The alliin compound by alliinase enzyme is then converted to pyruvic acid, ammonia, and alliisin as an anti-bacillus bactericidal.2
refence:
1 http://lambitunews.blogspot.com/2013/11/sejarah-dan-asal-muasal-bawang-merah.html
2 https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bawang_merah
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