What is a mole ?

Defining what a mole has changed the world of chemistry. Mole allows to move from a molecular level to more maneuverable by weight.
Each chemist can know how many atoms and the molecule contains a sample. How? One mol of each substance is a weight equal to the molecular weight expressed in the atomic mass unit.
This means that a mol of each substance contains exactly the same number of molecules. All the elements of the periodic table have a predetermined atomic mass.

For example, hydrogen has an atomic mass of 1,0079, while oxygen has an atomic mass of 15,999. Thus a water molecule, H2O (two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen) will have an atomic mass of approximately 18. So that is the same, a mole of water will weigh approximately 18 grams. Likewise, a neon atom atom will weigh 20,180 grams. But how can one know how many molecules there are one 18 grams of pure water, or in a mole of water?

Amadeo Avogadro was born in Turin on 9 August 1776 and dedicated his life to physics and mathematics. He discovered at the beginning of the 19th century the link between the quantity of molecules or atoms of a substance and moles. Generally, a molar of any substance contains 6,022 x 1023 molecules or atoms of this substance. In his honor the number of molecules in a mole was called "Number of Avogadros". Thus in a H2O mole there are 6,022 × 1023 molecules of H2O or that is equal to 2 × 6,022 × 1023 hydrogen atoms and 6,022 × 1023 oxygen atoms.

The Day of Prayer is celebrated annually on 23 October in America from 6:02 am to 6:02 am using the Avogadro number figures.

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