DISASTER RELIEF
Disaster relief refers to the process of responding to a catastrophic situation by providing humanitarian assistance to people and communities who have suffered a kind of disaster. It is about facing and avoiding risks and preparing, supporting and rebuilding society when natural or human-made disasters occur. In general, any emergency management is the ongoing process in which all individuals, groups, and communities face the dangers of trying to avoid or limit the impact of disasters arising from risks. A disaster is defined in sociological terms as an essential break from the social model of individuals and groups.
Phases of disaster relief
Mitigation
Mitigation efforts are designed to prevent hazards from becoming disasters or reducing the effects of disasters when they occur. The mitigation phase differs from the other phases because it focuses on long-term measures to reduce or eliminate the risk. Implementation of mitigation strategies can be considered part of the recovery process if applied after a disaster. However, even if applied as part of the recovery efforts, actions that reduce or eliminate risk over time are still considered as mitigation measures. Mitigation measures can be structural or non-structural. Structural measures use technological solutions such as fertilizers. Non-structural measures include legislation, land use planning (such as the designation of non-essential land such as parks to be used as flood zones) and insurance. Mitigation is the most economical method to reduce the impact of risks.
Preparation
In the preparation phase, emergency managers develop action plans for when a disaster occurs. Common preparatory measures include communication plans with easily understandable terminology and a chain of command, along with the development and practice of inter-agency coordination and incident management. Even the proper maintenance and training of emergency services are essential. The development and implementation of an emergency alert, emergency housing construction plans and emergency evacuation plans are of paramount importance. Survival also depends on the conservation of stocks and stocks, which must be carried out in bulk, or at least in substantial quantities.
Two simple measures can help prepare the person to be absent from the event or evacuate as needed. For the evacuation it is possible to arrange a disaster supply kit and, for protection purposes, it is possible to create safety reserves. The preparation of a survival kit, commonly known as a "72-hour kit", is often supported by the authorities. These bags can include food, medicine, flashlights, candles, and money.
Response
The response phase includes the mobilization of the necessary emergency services and first responders in the disaster area. the response will probably comprise a first wave of essential emergency services such as firefighters, police and ambulance personnel. They can be supported by a series of secondary emergency services such as specialized rescue teams. A well-tested emergency plan developed as part of the preparation phase enables efficient coordination of rescue efforts. The emergency plan test is essential for achieving the best performance with limited resources. In the response phase, medical supplies will be used based on the appropriate screening of the victims affected.
Recovery
The objective of the recovery phase is to restore the area concerned with the previous state. It differs from the response phase in its approach; Recovery efforts include problems and decisions that must be made after meeting immediate needs. Recovery efforts mainly concern actions involving the reconstruction of destroyed assets, the reuse, and repair of other essential infrastructures. The recovery phase begins when the immediate threat to human life has calmed down. At this stage, we recommend reconsidering the location or building material of the property.
Emergency operators
Emergency managers are trained in a wide variety of disciplines that support them throughout the emergency life cycle. Those in charge of professional emergencies can concentrate on preparing governments and communities or preparing private companies. Training is provided by local, state, federal and private organizations. It ranges from public information and media relations to leading high-level incidents and tactical abilities such as control of an emergency scene.
Conclusion
Disaster relief is the money or services available to individuals and communities who have suffered losses due to disasters such as floods, hurricanes, earthquakes, droughts, tornadoes, and riots. It is essential to have facilities in place in the event of an emergency.
