Let's make a design.
The first step is to measure the area. How big is your garden or how big do you want it to be. In my case it's 500 by 150 meters and the rest is forest & animal space. In Poland I want to create a design that catches allot of sun and blocks the wind. So I plant the highest trees in the most northern spot than the second row is a lower type of tree. After this comes bushes. This way I have multiple layers of trees that all get sun.
Between the trees I will put vegetables, vines and herbs. Planting according to the sun and with multiple layers is one of the principles of a Permaculture design. I'm definitely not a expert in permaculture gardening, because I don't really like gardening. I just really like a full garden with edible food! At the end I will put some sources that could make you an expert in Permaculture!
- High trees
walnut, beech, checkers tree (Sorbus torminalis), japanese walnut, hickory, kingnut (Carya laciniosa), Sweet chestnut, Ginkgo biloba, sweet cherry (Prunus avium) - Small trees
appel, pear, apricot, persimon (Diospyros kaki), hazelnut - Bushes
strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo), blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus ), rose hip, cranberry, sweet brier(Rosa rubiginosa), golden currant (Ribesaureum), dog rose (Rosa canina), honey berry (Lonicera caerulea), Hovenia dulcis, ommon juniper, Jostaberry, small cranberry(Vaccinium oxycoccos, gooseberry, lavender (Angustifolia), loganberry (Loganobaccus), black currant (Ribes nigrum) - Vines
boysenberry, grapes, Japanese wineberry(Rubus phoenicolasius), Kudzu, runner bean(Phaseolus coccineus), Hablitzia, Schisandra, Siberian kiwi (Actinidia kolomikta), Smilax, Tayberry. - Herbs
Conopodium majus, bistort (Bistorta officinalis), mint, Aspargus, strawberry, nettle.. - Tubers
Earthnut(Lathyrus tuberosus), horseradish, oca(Oxalis tuberosa), skirret(Sium sisarum), Yacon, Jersualem artichoke, Chinese yam(Dioscorea polystachya), Crosne (stachys affinis),
All of the above are quite easy to plant and grow. You always have to check if it will grow in your climate and area but many of the plant above are quite happy on many types of soil.
Let the garden get a bit rough. Nature doesn't like straight lines or everything perfect so don't fight it!
If you want to learn about Permaculture than Some great sources for permaculture gardening are :
- Permies
- Permaculture principles
- Geoff lawton videos
- A Designers' Manual - Bill Mollison
- Permaculture Design: a Step by Step Guide - Aranya
- Permaculture Principles & Pathways Beyond Sustainability - David Holmgren