National Research Tomsk State University (TSU) - the first Russian university in the territory of Russian Asia (in fact, the first Russian university east of the Volga River), one of the three dozens of national research universities.
The idea of opening a university in Siberia was first proposed in 1803
The base of the university in Tomsk with 4 faculties (History and Philology, Physics and Mathematics, legal and medical) was laid Decree of the State Council of the Russian Empire from the 16 (28) May 1878. The government's intention has found wide support from major Russian industrialists, the first benefactor made PG Demidov (an initial payment of 100 000 rubles for the day with a gain of bookmarks University bank interest reached 182,000 rubles), the major contributions made by AM Siberians - 200,000 rubles, ZM Cybulski - 140 000 (18 more 000 scholarships to students). [2] The remaining contributions were much smaller - 30 thousand rubles from the Tomsk City Council, of 10 000 rubles from the commerce advisor AK Trapeznikova (who lived in Moscow), 3 000 from Barnaul merchant DN Sukhov, 2 500 rubles on the Moscow merchant VNSabashnikov, 1 000 from Biisk merchant AV Sokolov, from YA Nemchinov, from the tradesman Kulakov of Kyakhta; the laying of the University of urban societies Barnaul, Biysk, and Minusinsk Semipalatinsk was donated 1 000 rubles, the remaining deposits were hundreds of rubles. Later Tomsk merchants actively donated money to the University, so in 1898, wanting to mark 25 years of service with his Moscow trusted PV Verkholantseva, Kuhteriny established in Tomsk University scholarship in his name and made in 6000 rubles scholarship fund.
The project was carried out at the University of buildings of St. Petersburg architecture academician AK Bruni and creatively embodied Tomsk architect P. Naranovich.
Lack of funding has caused the delay the opening of the University and gave arguments opponents University. So, Pobedonostsev reported to Emperor Alexander III: «The idea of the establishment of the university in Siberia (arisen during the period of perfect impoverishment and fall of our universities) from the beginning I called unhappy and false; but at first I did not want to listen, and then though and agreed with me, but objected: "What can we do? The government has gone too far; they are promised; made significant contributions in the amount of up to 900 tr .; It built a big house; all is ready; you can not go back. " What kind of professors would get in Siberia, when and for local universities do not know where to get serious and reliable people, Especially lawyers? Tomsk Society consists of rabble; You can only imagine how it affects the university and the university will be reflected on it. " However, due to the extremely solid position [3] The Minister of Education of the Russian Empire, ID Delyanov was made supreme decision in favor of the unconditional opening of the University in Tomsk.
In 1880, a member of the building committee for the construction of the building is based in the Siberian Tomsk University was appointed and sent to Tomsk VM Florina. In the period from 1885 to 1898, he serves as a trustee of the West Siberian educational district and is responsible for general management of the University create a business.
The university was founded August 26, 1880 and is open July 22, 1888, with one faculty - medical (in 1930 this department was transformed into the Tomsk Medical Institute), which was headed by A. Dogel.
The first professors began NA Gezekhus (physics, the first rector), EA Lehmann (Pharmacology), SI Zaleski (chemistry), SI Korzhinskii (botany), VN Great, A. M. Zaitsev (geology), NF Kashchenko (zoology), NM Maliyev (anatomy), A. Dogel (histology).
Classes began September 13, 1888 lecture by Professor SI Korzhinsky "What is life?"
At the same time the first university in Siberia Botanical Garden was founded, including university grove.
In 1884-1885 years in University Manor was first constructed in Tomsk water project engineer NA Renkulya capacity of up to 10 thousand. Buckets a day, and a fountain with swimming pool. Water sources were keys on the side of the terrace at the University grove.
The first set - 72 people, the first release - 31 doctor, 16 of them received diplomas with honors, took place in December 1893. Among the first graduates of renowned experts subsequently AA Kulyabko, PV Butyagin, Timashev SM, LM Prasolov, IM Levashёv, PF Lomovitsky, L. Rubinstein.
In the years 1912-1913 the building is constructed of the Scientific Library (project - architects AD Kryachkov, LP Szyszko, supervision of construction - the architect FA Chernomorchenko)
During the Civil War in Tomsk were evacuated and many professors worked Perm and Kazan universities in Tomsk State University. In the early 1920s, the University received the status of a state. In 1920, the Faculty of Law was reorganized into the Faculty of Social Sciences, which in 1921 was annexed historical-philological faculty. In 1922, the Faculty of Social Sciences was closed. Until 1940, the University did not prepare specialists in the field of humanities.
In 1934, the University, in the tradition of the time, was given the name of the Soviet state and party figure Valerian Kuibyshev, who studied at the Law Faculty of Tbilisi State University in 1909 [5].
Until 1957 on the basis of scientific and research institutes TSU Tomsk operated West-Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences.
In 1930 actively exported the most valuable assets of museums and laboratories, whole departments to form the new capital of the West Siberian region of the elite of the new system of the proletarian state. [6]
In 1937, in Stalinist terms, the NKVD was fabricated case against a group of TSU employees, accused of terrorism, which allegedly worked "on the invention and use of refined methods of terror, in particular the silent instrument through which it would be possible to hit a distance of a projectile needle type, poisoned poison [7] curare. "
However, at the same time, Stalin's many famous people have worked at TSU. In the years 1947-1955 the military department was headed by well-known division commander Major-General Ivan Antyufeev.
Nevertheless, by 1944 (the formation of the Tomsk region, and universities in the USSR have been an integral part of the regional center) was able to maintain a scientific and a potential top (before the revolution) Siberian universities.
During the activities of TSU Great Patriotic War was substantially reformed.
In October 1941, located Zagorski Optical and Mechanical Plant in the main building of TSU body. The plant quickly set up production and products before the summer of 1943 [8]. Only thanks to the courageous deed community of Tomsk scientists who dared to write a letter to the Supreme Commander with a request to withdraw from the territory of the TSU plant and start the revival of the university as one of the most important institutions of any state, TSU was saved and resumed his scientific and educational activities.
In 1944-1955 years of the TSU was one of the leading research centers in the country for the development of new defense systems, it has been a leader in the scientific substantiation of the global economic and agricultural projects of the country. Since 1963, the TSU became one of the forces that create the future (1970) Tomsk Akademgorodok.
In 1967, the University was awarded the Order of Red Banner of Labor, and in 1980 - the Order of the October Revolution.
As of February 2012 there were 23 faculty TSU, which had an enrollment of 23,000 students, 800 graduate students and doctoral candidates.
TSU Rector - Galazhinsky Eduard Vladimirovich.
The pride of the university is its Scientific Library (4 million copies., The rare book museum) and the Siberian Botanical Garden.
The TSU studied and worked about 100 members of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences and the Academies of Sciences of other countries, more than 250 laureates of the State Prize, the Nobel Prize winner 2.
February 16, 2007 in the TSU was established SKIF Cyberia - the most powerful supercomputer in the CIS countries and Eastern Europe.
As part of the transformation in Russian higher education system and the introduction of leading universities, Tomsk State University received the status of a government of national research (NRU) and the ability to work with the outstanding scientists of the world. Since 2010, the TSU were many who left scientists-compatriots working in universities and laboratories in Canada, USA, Brazil, Australia, Israel, the UK, France, Spain, Italy, Germany, Finland, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, China, Korea, Japan, Singapore et al., as well as many of the leading scientists of foreign countries. In particular, since 2011 visiting professor, lectured, was the winner of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize for his contribution to the study of environmental and climate change in northern Eurasia, the head of the Swedish Arctic research station Abisko, Professor Terry Callaghan Sheffildskogo University.
In the summer of 2013 TSU won the national competition for the right of universities leading Russian university status (WCI) .
In 2014, the agency "Expert RA" rating assigned to the University of Class "B" stands for "very high" level of training of graduates; the only institution of higher education in the CIS received in this rating class "A" ( "very high level") became the Moscow State University .
In July 2014 the TSU and the UK National Physical Laboratory have agreed to cooperate for a period of 5 years
