In the natural world, many animals are coloured so that they blend in with th habitat in which they live: polar bears and arctic foxes are whitish manyb caterpillars are green, some small woodland birds are brownish and patterned so that they do not have an obvious visual outline, seabirds and some whales, dolphins and sharks are dark on top and pale underneath so they do not stand out from above or below.
This coloration is called camouflage. It is used by predators and prey to hide themselves and so either increase the chance of getting a meal or reduce the chance of becoming a snack. Some animals go to the opposite extreme and display bright colours to warn that they are unpleasant to eat or to imitate another animal that is.
For example, several species of fly have yellow and black stripes to fool potential predators into thingking that they are wasps. The experts at camouflage are chamaeleons and some squids that change colour to blend in with their backround.
Using camouflage in warfare began in the mid-19th century in india, but became much more important in trench warfare during world war i. by world II, personnel, aircraft, ships, tanks and other vehicles and equipment was all camouflage
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