Every year for the past three years, I have had the pleasure of teaching the course 'Psychology of Relationships' to eager students yearning to learn about the nature of human relationships, and hopeful in gleaning some scientific insight into how to improve their own. What I have found my students enjoy learning most about, perhaps given the current climate of casual relationships which can go ill-defined, are the key factors which make an intimate relationship namely that: Intimate.
As per Miller's (2014) summary of the works of Ben-Ari and Lavee (2007), the nature of the happiest intimate relationships differ in contrast to casual relationships in seven distinct ways: knowledge, interdependence, caring, trust, responsiveness, mutuality, and commitment.
When forming deep intimate relationships, we share a vast amount of personal information that we wouldn't necessarily feel comfortable sharing with others. Of course the amount of information we share may differ from one person to the next, and research shows that women, on average, tend to share more intimate information with their friends as well as partners, in comparison to men who general reserve more intimate topics for their partners. Nonetheless, with intimate partners in healthy relationships, we feel safe in sharing our deepest dreams, desires, fears, past histories, traumas, and goals for the future. Generally, this is a reciprocal and gradual process.
Intimate relationships also tend to be highly interdependent, wherein each partner influences the other, meaningfully, frequently, and vastly, in terms of topic and importance. This can range from choosing what to eat to dinner, to where to live.
Care is another hallmark of healthy intimate relationships. There is a considerable amount of care each partner places in the other, and this differs from the care that one would typically display to another, non-intimate person. Intimate partners thus show concern for each other's well being, comfort in times of distress, and safekeeping the other from harm. While the display of care can differ from one person to the next (as a function of communication style, or differing displays of affection, for instance), nevertheless, intimate partners tend to display genuine, selfless care for each other.
In my personal opinion, trust is what holds the other six components of intimacy together. While trust is a difficult concept to discuss because of its complexity, we certainly feel it without fully being able to define it. In my estimation, it is the confidence that we place in another human being to act in a way of honor, fairness, and that is of benefit to us, or at the very least, that our partner will not cause us purposeful harm.
Healthy intimate relationships involves partners who are mutually responsive to each others' needs. This means recognizing, understanding and supporting each other both in times of pain (losing a parent, or a job) and in gain (getting a promotion, announcing a pregnancy). When each partner feels the other meets his or her needs, this culminates in feeling appreciated and loved.
Mutuality.
After a certain point within a healthy intimate relationship, each partner recognizes a close connection and changes his or her view from 'me' to 'we'. For instance, wherein at the beginning of a relationship, a partner may say, "Mark and I are going to out of town this weekend", when the relationship deepens, both partners change their view of themselves, just as their lexicon: "we are going out of town this weekend".
Commitment.
Lastly, within healthy intimate relationships, there is a mutual volition for wanting the relationship to continue indefinitely, which further allows the other six components of intimacy to grow. With the idea that the relationship is to continue for an indeterminate amount of time, it allows for trust to continue to deepen, common knowledge to further be shared, mutuality to envelop, care to be shown, and continual effort put into responsiveness and interdependence for both partners.
