Colostomy involves a surgical procedure whereby an opening (stoma) is made at the abdominal wall inorder for stool to exit out from the body through the colon (large intestine), bypassing the rectum. This can either be temporary or permanent, base on the condition being treated.
The Stoma is Located on the abdomen, it appears to be moist, pink or red. With no pain or control, the stool passes into a colostomy bag. It can either be flat or protruding, depending on the type.
A colostomy is required when the lower bowel (a division in the large intestine) can no longer function or needs a healing time. Associated reasons for colostomy;
■ Trauma or infection
■ Congenital defects (in babies)
■ Diverticulitis
■ Bowel cancer
■ Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
■ Bowel obstruction or injury
There are several types of colostomy which include;
● Loop colostomy: In this type of colostomy, a loop of colon is dragged out, which is often temporary.
● Double-barrel colostomy: In this type, two stomas are created, one for stool and another for mucus.
● Permanent colostomy: This involves when the lower bowel is removed permanently or it's non-functional.
● Temporary colostomy: Involves allowing the bowel to heal.
● End colostomy: Here, one side of the colon is brought out as an opening.
Here are some things to apply;
■ Diet: Eating of a well balanced diet and avoid any gas-forming foods if needed.
■ Stoma care: Enable to clean with warm water and dry gently.
■ Hydration: Staying hydrated is important to prevent constipation or blockage.
■ Skin protection:Make use of barrier creams to prevent irritation.
■ Empty the bag:– Once your are done when one-third is full, empty the bag.
Here area few list;
● Skin irritation.
● Bowel blockage.
● Bleeding or Infection.
● Body or emotional image concerns.
● Prolapse or retraction of the stoma.
■ Most of these people just have to adjust well over time.
■ Normal activities like exercise, walk and swimming can be possible to initiate.
■ Support groups and stoma nurses can help provide confidence and hope.
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