The masses of the galaxies raise questions about how they got so big so fast

What is "big" and what is "fast" can only be named as such when I already know the "size" of the Universe in which "speed" can be determined because it can be extrapolated from known and observed events. But as the whole of the Universe can neither be observed in total and therefore not measured nor be understood my man, it's laughable to say that "masses of galaxies" should have behaved differently than "one has expected". The universe peoples and that's why people also are not predictable in total, not even the individual is, because the single is at the same time part of the plural.
To divide the "I" from the "all" and then wreck ones brain about how to fit those two together for centuries, (as Alan Watt puts it) is an insoluble problem and therefor, we have to ask other questions, which are soluble.

It's the very expectation which puts this form of science at a loss.

Some question the "solid" laws of physics and rightly so. As much as these laws apply to almost anything we think we know, is it not sensible to assume that they might not apply everywhere in the Universe? And when I say everywhere, this term already is not really correct.