Hello guys!!!
I've been getting a lot of positive feedbacks from my posts about geology. It seems person's are interested in learning more. So I'll be talking briefly on one of the basis of geology.
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Stratigraphy is the simply the study of layered rocks. It's not restricted to sedimentary rocks.
BRANCHES OF STRATIGRAPHY
•Lithostratigraphy; stratigraphic studies by taking consideration of the lithologic characteristics like grain sizes,colour.
•Biostratigraphy; is the subdivision of rocks into units by considering the fossil contents present in the rock.
•Chronostratigraphy; is the study taking into consideration age and time relationship using relative dating or biostratigraphy( use of fossils).
•Seismic stratigraphy; is the study on the basis of seismic data gotten from within the region.
•Sequence stratigraphy; study of unit bounded by unconformities.
•Chemostratigraphy; study on the basis of chemical variation in rock units.
•Magnetostratigraphy; study on the basis of the magnetic properties of rocks.
STRATIGRAPHIC PRINCIPLES
This helps simply to establish temporal relationship of rocks. The principles include:
•Law of Superposition: states that in a succession of layered rocks,the layer below is older than the layer above. It only applies if the layers have not been overturned by tectonic activities.
•Law of Original Horizontality: states that rocks layered are originally deposited horizontally.
•Law of Lateral Continuity: states that rocks layers extend continuously in all directions until they are truncated by some features.
• Law of Cross Cutting Relationship: states that a body that cuts through a rock is younger than the rock it cuts.
•Law of inclusion: states that the fragments of rock found in a larger rock mass are older than the rockmass in which they are embedded.
•Law of Faunal Succession: states that fossils succeed each other in an orderly manner.
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