Your body is one of the most complex in the universe. It sis made up of some 100 trillion tiny cells e.g bones cells, blood cells, brain cells to name a few. In fact, there are more than 200 different types of cells in your body.
Despite their amazing diversity in shape and function, your cells form an intricate, integrated network. The internet, with its millions of computers and high speed data cables, is clumsy in comparison. No human invention can complete with the technical brilliance evident in even the most basic of cells. How did the cells that make up the human body come into existence?
All living cells fall into two major categories, namely those with nucleus and those without nucleus. Human, animal, and plant cells have a nucleus. Bacteria cells do not have. Cells with a nucleus are called eukaryotic. Those without nucleus are refer to as prokaryotic. And since prokaryotic cells are relatively less complex than eukaryotic cells, many believe that animal and plant cells must have evolved from bacterial cells.
In fact, many teach that for millions of years, some "simple" prokaryotic cells swallowed other cells but did not digest them. Instead, the theory goes, unintelligent "nature" figured out a way not only to make radical changes in the function of the ingested cells but also to keep the adapted cells inside of the "host" cell when it replicated.
Cells images
could the more than 200 different kinds of cells that make up your body form by accident? Could even a "simple" cell really from non-living chemicals?.
The Bible says life on earth is the product of an intelligent mind. Note the Bible's clear logic: "Of course, every house is constructed by someone, but he that constructed all things is God. (Hebrews 3:4) Another Bible passage says: how many your are, O lord! All of them in wisdom you have made. The earth is full of your productions.... There are moving things without number, living creatures, small as well as great.- psalm 104:24,25.
Advance in microbiology have made it possible to peer into the awe-inspiring interior of the simplest living prokaryotic cells known. Evolutionary scientists theorize that the first living cells must have looked something like these cells.
If the theory of evolution is true, it should offer a plausible explanation of how the first " simple" cell formed by chance. On the other hand, if life was cteated, there should be evidence of ingenious design even in the smallest of creatures. Why not take a tour of a prokaryotic cell? As you do so, ask yourself whether such a cell could arise by chance.
To tour a prokaryotic cell, you would have to shrink to size that is hundreds of times smaller than the period at the end of this sentence. Keeping you out of the cell is a tough, flexible membrane that acts like a brick and mortar wall surrounding a factory. It would take some 10,000 layers of this membrane to equal the thickness of a cell is much more sophisticated than the brick wall in what. In what ways?
Like the wall surrounding a factory, the membrane of cell shields the contents from a potentially hostile environment. However, the membrane is not solid, it allows the cell to " breathe ", permitting small molecules, such as oxygen, to pass in or out. But the membrane block more complex, potentially damaging molecules from entering without the cell's permission. The membrane also prevents useful molecules from leaving the cell. How does the membrane manage such feats?
Think again a factory. It might have security guards who monitor the products that enters and leaves through the doorways in the factory walll. Similarly, the cell membrane has special protein molecules embedded in it that act like the doors and the security guards.
the cell membrane has " security guards" that allow only specific substances to pass in or out.
Some of these proteins are:
they have a hole through the middle of them that allows only specific types of molecules in and out the cell membrane.
and closed on the other. They have a docking site
shaped to fit a specific substance docks, the other end of the protein opens and releases the cargo through the membrane
all the activity is happening on the surface of even the simplest of cells.
INSIDE THE FACTORY
imagine that you have been allowed past the "security guard" and now inside the cell. The interior of a prokaryotic is filled with a watery fliud that is rich in nutrients, salts, and other substances. The cell uses these raw ingredients to manufacture the products it needs. But the process is not haphazard. Like an efficiently run factory, the cell organizes thousands of chemical reactions so that they take place in a specific order and according to as set timetable.
A cell spends a lot of it's time making proteins. How does it do so? Firstly, you would see the cell make about 20 different basic building blocks called amino acids. These building blocks are delivered to the ribosomes.
which maybe likened to automated machines that link the amino acids in a precise order to form a specific protein. Just as the operations of a factory might be governed by the central computer program, many of the functions of a cell are governed by a "computer program", or code, known as DNA.
from the DNA, the ribosome receives a copy of detailed instructions that tell it which protein to build and how to build it.
what happen as he protein is made is nothing short of amazing! Each one folds into unique three-dimensional shapes.
it is this shape that determines the specialized job that the protein will do. Picture a production line where engine tonne precisely constructed if the engine is to work. Similarly, if a proteinis not precisely constructed and folder to exactly the right shape, it will not be able to do its work properly and may even damage the cell.
How does the protein find its wa from where it was made to where it is needed?
Each protein the cell makes has a built - in " address tag" that ensures that the protein will be delivered to where it is needed. Although thousands of proteins are built and delivered each minute, each one arrives at the correct destination.
enzymes are one of the example of proteins made by cells. Each enzymes is folded in a special way to accelerate a particular chemical reaction. Hundreds of enzymes cooperate to regulate the cells activities.
The complex molecules in the simplest living thing cannot reproduce alone. Outside the cell, they break down. Inside the cell, they cannot reproduce without the help of other complex molecules. For example, enzymes are needed to be produce a special energy molecule called adanosine triphosphate (ATP), but energy from ATP is needed to produce enzymes. Similarly, DNA (section 3 discusses this molecule) is required to make enzymes, but enzymes are required to make DNA. Also, other proteina can be made only by a cell, but can be made only with proteins.
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