It depends on how you define netbook i guess but to me to be considered a "netbook" it has to have the following features:

1. Be small (probably not larger than a 12 inch screen)
2. Be inexpensive compared to traditional laptops
3. Be capable of running Windows and/or Linux
4. Have a keyboard built in

The surface is too expensive. The largest phones are a bit too small and dont have a physical keyboard. Tablets and phones traditioanlly run a more cut down and locked down OS and the keyboard would be a separate thing.

The smaller chromebooks are are the closest modern day equivalents. Chrome OS almost disqualifies them but i believe you can install another OS if you want. Unless they've started locking them down... I haven't used one recently.