Composite Fermion : Baryon and Other Composites
As already explained. In essence, even if it's a composite particle (if it's an atom at all) if its spin is half-round it means it's a Composite Fermion. For the simplest example we take aja Baryon yes. Examples of baryons that we know as protons and neutrons from the nucleus.
proton is not elementary? the answer is no.
The protons are composed of 3 Quarks (Quarks are elementary fermions above, precisely 2 Up Quarks and 1 Down Quark), each quark bound by a gluon containing a very strong force (this also forms nuclear bonds of the nucleus). Neutron is also the same, except that he has 2 Down Quarks and 1 Up Quark. There are many examples of Composite Fermion.
Bosonic Particle
Force-Carrying Particle, 'Pile Up' On Space and Materials
The boson is essentially a particle containing or carrying force. Boson seemed to be a 'glue' that binds matter (fermion) with the style it carries. Boson also does not occupy space which means not the structure of the material, but rather he accumulates or falls between the fermions (this one is especially for the Elementary Boson).
Properties or characteristics of Boson among others
- Boson does not follow the principle of prohibition pauli. This means 2 bosons can occupy a certain quantum level at the same time (opposite of fermion gan). This is what causes the Boson to accumulate in space, so it is not a 'structure' of matter and anti-matter.
- Boson follows the Bose-Einstein stats (which must be different from the Fermi-Dirac statistics Fermion follows).
- The boson in spin theory, has a spin number of round value (in contrast to half-round fermions).
The point is contrary to identifying fermions, if a particle has an integer spin, then surely it is a Bosonic Particle
Elementary Boson : Gauge Boson and Higgs Boson
The Elementary Boson as mentioned earlier is a force carrier particle. The type of elementary boson depends on the type of style it carries. Elementary Boson is also divided into two types based on its Boson Gauge (if it has no field even in a vacuum and has spin-1) and Higgs Boson is known as the 'god particles' (having a force field in a vacuum and having a 0-spin ).
Boson Gauge is also called Vector Boson (because it has a spin value) and is a particles that carry the force. There are 4 kinds of Boson Gauge which is distinguished based on the style it carries, among others
- Photons, if carrying an electromagnetic force (such as a light)
- Gluon, if it carries a strong force (as it binds between Quarks in Baryon structures, Baryons are protons or neutrons). Well this is also that binds the nucleus (protons and neutrons), the bond is very strong and if collapse can cause fusion reaction (discussion of nuclear physics).
- W Boson, if it carries a weak force and has a charge of 1 or -1
- Z Boson, if it brings weak and uncharged force
Actually there is one gauge boson again which is still a hypothesis if it exists. He is a Graviton that carries the force of gravity.
The Mysterious God Particle : Higgs Boson
The beginning of the discovery of this particle is a question of material formation and anti-matter, or more precisely about the existence of a material period. In 1960, existing theories such as field theory were able to explain electromagnetic fields and strong forces (gluons) that had a period. But the problem lies in the presence of weak forces (W and Z bosons). Gauge theory says that this weak force (Partikel W, Z Boson and also photons) has no mass. Yet experimentally, the W and Z bosons should have a period (even photons are also known to have a period, though very small). That means there are two possibilities here, whether Gauge Theory has a wrong approach or there is something other particle that gives the W and Z this boson. That's what became known as the Higgs field that could give the electro-weak force period.
After experimenting with the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) by crashing a proton, a particle is found that blocks the movement of the protons so that it can create matter. That's Higgs Boson. With this, the theory of Higgs Field (which gives the mass with its scaled field) gets stronger. Further understanding of Higgs Boson is continuing. Until now we know that it has no spin value (the only scalar particle) and does not have any electrical charge. It can also decay into vector boson (Gauge Boson) or maybe even Fermion and obtain spin. There are many more facts about Higgs Boson,
Composite Boson : Mesons and Other Composites
For the Boson Composite, (same as fermion) the most important is if the spin is round then it is certainly a Bosonic Particle. An example is the nucleus of Helium-4 (2 protons and 2 neutrons, each half gan, so if plusin the result is rounded), or meson (1 quark and 1anti-quark, maisng each half, so since the number 2 becomes spin round).
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