In this thread @Daily-Science will discuss something that according to very interesting and certainly important. Yup... corresponds to the title, Atomic Physics! Or rather particle physics and there is some discussion of nuclear physics as well. This discussion is about subatomic particles, the particles that make up the atoms and also means composing the whole universe.
Abstract
Both of the material and the Anti-Matter are composed of smaller units that is atoms (or anti-atoms). We know that the atom consists of protons, neutrons, and electrons. But if it is just that simple, then certainly this science will stop since the invention of Bohr. Have you ever wondered why a positively charged proton can be so strongly bound to a nucleus ?....... Whereas the proton should refuse each other. That's because the atoms are more than just the particles. Therefore, in this thread @Daily-Science will open the discussion material about subatomic particles and all kinds of very complex.
Elementary Particle
Basis for Material Formation and Anti-Matter, Introduction Fermion and Boson
The first thing @Daily-Scince will discuss here is the Elementary Particle (or elementary particles). If you think that the basic particles of all matter are protons, neutrons and electrons according to @Daily-Science less precise statement. In fact, protons and neutrons are not Elementary Particles, but Composite Particles. continues to be an Elementary Particle? We discuss slowly.
As the name suggests, Elementary Particles are the basic particles that make up a larger structure. If a particle does not have a smaller composition unit, then it is elementary particle (actually in string theory it says that everything is composed of strings, these particles can also be joined into other particles, that is called Composite Particle.) Composite and Elementary Particle is what compile all material and anti-matter (already understand the difference Elementary Composite Particle.)
Fermion Vs Boson
Well, Elementary Particle is divided into two types.
The first type is the kind that becomes the 'structure' of matter and anti-matter. This type is called Fermion (Taken from the name Enrico Fermi). One example of fermion is the electron (we will discuss the fermion itself on the below).
The other type may be a bit strange to us. This type of particle is an energy-carrying particle. It is also this type that 'mediates' interaction between fermions (interaction is style, or at least contains a force). This type is called Boson (Taken from Satyendra Nath Bose, Indian Physicist nih gan). Photons ('light particles') are just one example.
Fermionic Particle
Structure Of Matter and Anti-Matter, Occupy Space
Fermion, is essentially all matter and anti-matter. All the material and anti-matter structures are fermions. Fermion is actually an elementary particle, but can also include a composite particle (if it consists of several elementary particles, composed of several quarks). This is what we know as protons, neutrons, and electrons (protons and neutrons are Composite Fermions, whereas the electrons are Elementary Fermion. It already knows the difference is the same Composite Elementary.
Fermion has several characteristics that distinguish it from Boson (yes obviously there must be a differentiator). Properties or characteristics of Fermion among others
- The fermion followed the ban law of pauli. The point is that there is no single fermion at any given time occupying the same quantum position (the quantum position is prime, azimuth, magnetic, and spin)
- Also in spin theory, fermions have spins worth half (1/2 or -1/2). The spin shows the angular momentum of the particle.
- Fermion Following the Fermi-Dirac stats
Well because most differentiator and make dizzy we save it. The point is we see the spin value of a particle. If the spin value of a particle (elemntary orupon composite) is half rounded, it is certainly a Fermionic Particle.
Elementary Fermion : Quarks and Leptons
For Elementary Fermion itself is further divided into Quark and Lepton.
Quarks are a type of fermion that interacts strongly with other particles, whereas lepton does not. Quark has 6 types of quarks, namely Up, Down, Strange, Charm, Bottom, and Top. Because of its strong interaction properties, quarks can form the Composite Particle, which is where quarks are bound by strong interactions mediated by bosons (in this case gluon).
While leptons do not interact strongly with others, they can still form composites on an atomic scale. An example of a lepton is an electron if it is charged with -1 and a neutrino if it has no charge.
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