The managerial roles used by managers.

Greetings to all my dear readers of this platform, continuing with my publications today I will share with you an important management information that will undoubtedly be very useful for those who carry the management of a company or simply your small business. Undoubtedly, management roles are essential for the organization to develop in the best way and hence the importance of this post. In order to achieve their objectives, organizations need to be managed according to criteria of efficiency and effectiveness, in this sense, the role played by managers within them becomes important, since in practice the success of organizations is directly associated with the performance and capacity of those who lead them, i.e. their managers. In relation to the above, Stoner, Freeman and Gilbert (1996) indicate that "the success of the organization in achieving its objectives and also in satisfying its social obligations depends to a large extent on its managers. If managers do their jobs properly, the organization is likely to achieve its goals". The contribution of managers as a visible figure in companies affects both the financial and social performance of their organizations. For externally, managers shape the corporate image, establish the social role of the company and interact with shareholders. Internally, they are a behavioral reference group for employees and motivators of their ethical or unethical actions. Therefore, both externally and internally, managers give shape to the organizational culture and ethical tone of the company.

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By examining the above, it is feasible to deduce that the success or failure of an organization is attributed to the manager because he/she is responsible for designing, selecting and implementing techniques, plans, strategies and functions that ensure the achievement of organizational objectives at all levels of the organization. A manager is someone who coordinates and supervises the work of other people to achieve the objectives of the organization, from this perspective the work of a manager is not about personal achievements, but to help others to do their work to achieve organizational objectives. The figure of the manager within an organization is determined by the position of authority that they have over others within the organizational structure and the functions they perform, depending on the position that managers occupy within the organizational structure in a company, the following types of managers are presented:

• First-line managers: this type of managers occupy the lowest level of the organizational structure, they supervise and direct the work of personnel related to production activities or service to the company's customers and are commonly known as supervisors, shift managers, department managers, office managers, district managers, plant manager, among others.
• Mid-level managers: these types of managers occupy the middle management positions within the organization, that is, they are between the lowest and the highest level of the organization. These managers direct the work of first-line managers and may hold titles such as regional manager, project leader, store manager or division manager.
• Top-level or senior managers: occupy the highest levels within the organizational structure and are responsible for making company decisions and setting plans and objectives that affect the entire organization. These individuals are usually referred to as executive vice president, president, chief administrative officer, chief operating officer, chief executive officer or CEO.

Regardless of the level the manager occupies within the organizational structure, or the volume of tasks they are responsible for, managers must perform a series of functions that guarantee the achievement of organizational objectives and to do so they must efficiently manage the managerial roles mentioned below:

• Interpersonal roles are those that involve people (subordinates and people outside the organization) and other duties that are ceremonial and symbolic in nature. The three interpersonal roles are representative, leader, and liaison.
• Informational roles involve gathering, receiving and transmitting information. The three informational roles are monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson.
• Decisional roles are linked to making decisions or choices. The four decision roles are entrepreneur, problem manager, resource allocator, and negotiator.