And this is where i fail bigly. I do not remember names, so i cannot provide search terms for these events.

It is that, when you take the globe model, and you are at a certain latitude, then the distance between longitudes should be X, but, south of the equator this doesn't hold true.

When you measure distance across land from one degree of longitude to another
When you try to sail around Antarcitica
When you try to sail around a known land mass (the bottom of Africa)

You find that it is not X distance, it is 2X or as you go further south it is 12X