I’m going to guess the bowl’s origin is perhaps India? The elephant iconography really reminds me of that style and the markings could be some form of Sanskrit, which would tie in with India and Buddhist or Hindu uses I believe. Pulling up a random Sanskrit chart, one character definitely stood out and it just has visual similarities to my eye (though I’d have no idea how to read it!)

Although it looks like it would be a mirror image of the one marking on the bottom, the “character” of the characters seems possible for some type of Sanskrit or offshoot!

Also could be Burmese, Thai… I’d hope someone acquainted with Southeast Asia in general could shed some light.