Dear chess fans! Welcome in 2024! Round 3 of Season 17 "x4" is played this Friday, 5th Jan. 2024, at the usual time. The current standings after the first two rounds you can find here. Mode:

Have you ever wondered how the flow in inkjet printers is controlled, or how car airbags automatically activate during an accident?. All of this and more is done through a very small electromechanical

Corundum, which is just 30% as hard as diamond, is the next hardest material known to science after diamond. Wich make diamond a superhard material with a Vickers hardness value in the range of 70 to 150

By the end of October 2021, a guy worth over $300 billion was seen by the globe for the first time in history. This individual is Elon Musk. Elon Musk's electric car company, Tesla, saw a large increase

Small semi-conductive layers called "silicon chips" are used for fabricating circuits for electronics.

References: Chitosan-Based Biomaterials for Tissue Regeneration. by Yevgeniy Kim, Zharylkasyn ZharkinbekovORCID, Kamila Raziyeva, Laura Tabyldiyeva ORCID, Kamila Berikova, Dias Zhumagul, Kamila Temirkhanova

References: Chitosan-Based Biomaterials for Tissue Regeneration. by Yevgeniy Kim, Zharylkasyn ZharkinbekovORCID, Kamila Raziyeva, Laura Tabyldiyeva ORCID, Kamila Berikova, Dias Zhumagul, Kamila Temirkhanova

Water does not simply disappear after use; rather, it gets increasingly contaminated; so, waste water and water supply cannot be considered separately. In order to enhance the water's quality for future

Precipitates can be divided into two categories: 1- The separated particles, which have a constant leaking velocity, are included in the first category. 2- The second category consists of particles that

The Zeta potential, or the rate of electrostatic migration, has an impact on how stable a suspended particle is. Zeta potentials for unstable suspensions are less than 20 millivolts, whereas those for

There are two main groups for colloids in water: 1- Hydrophilic colloids: Hydrophobic colloids in natural water form hydrogen bonds with the water molecules. These colloids are composed of big molecules

Coagulation: The goal of coagulation is to make the colloidal system unstable by introducing chemicals that may eliminate the forces that are present on the surface of colloidal particles suspended in

Among the most significant substances that pollute surface water and must be removed in order to generate drinking water are suspended particles, colloidal solids, and dissolved organic solids. Where solid

1- Removing fluorine from water: The majority of fluorine removal techniques used in the process of treatment of drinking water depends on precipitation or adsorption. However, because the procedure gets

There are three fundamental techniques used to remove nitrates from drinking water: A high affinity ion exchanger for nitrate ions. The Bioprocess. Nanofiltration (NF). 1- Removing nitrate ions using an

Although several materials possess the ability to adsorb, activated charcoal continues to be the greatest option in terms of adsorption power and financial cost, where it has the capacity to absorb a variety

The field of treating drinking water does not employ this technique; rather, it is used in the industrial sector. Three fundamental steps make up the demineralization of water: 1- Positive and strong-acid

Ion exchangers are used very widely in the field of industrial water treatment. In recent years, following the development of polymers that are impervious to induction processes and that do not produce

1- Water softening with sodium carbonate (Na2CO3): To eliminate water hardness, sodium carbonate can be used alone or in combination with quicklime. In environments where the temperature ranges between

While both methods aim to soften water, sodium hydroxide has a few benefits over quicklime in this regard: The reaction kinetics are extremely quick, resulting in a substantially higher yield. The precipitate