Vote values got pretty complicated after HF 19 over on steem, it is a sliding scale now. The more Hive you have powered up the larger your vote. It also is based on the value of Hive at the time of payout. They, (the whales in my opinion) did this to make smaller accounts vote on their post, if you vote on a post that has only a small payout, your curation reward is going to be small, if you vote on a post that has a big pay out reward you get more of a curation reward.

10 people vote on a post and you are number 5 in that vote part. Total payout of that post is lets say $1.00
10 people vote on a post and you are number 5 again, Total vote payout is $10.00.

Even though your vote is in the same place the return on your vote would be more than on the first one.

I really don't understand the math behind it, other than if you can not cast a 2 cent vote then you should not be voting on comments unless they already have a vote, and unless your post already has at least a 0.020 payout self voting is throwing a vote away. So it is best to vote on post that already have a payout of at least 0.020.

The Reputation protection system was put in place in the very early times of steem, the whales did not want a bunch of hoodlums down voting their reputation to nothing. So if you have a higher reputation than someone else they can still take away rewards, but can not effect your reputation score. Reputation other than for down votes has no vote value at all really.