How are you Steemian friends? wish you good health always, in the previous post the author has described about Cultivation Of Corn Crop and Types of Corn (Maize). So, on this occasion the author will explain how to grow good maize. May be useful
Planting maize is not a difficult thing to do. Maize is one of the many cultivated in Indonesia, because this source of food is one of the many carbohydrate plants. Until now, maize still has a high selling value, even more sweet maize types are processed for food such as cooking vegetables, baking and as roasted maize.
Maize needs direct light for normal growth, where the maize plantation requires rainfall of 85-200mm/month, air temperature between 23-270c and soil pH of 5.6-7.5. Maize growing land requires adequate water supply (not inundation) especially in early growth phase and seed filling. Lack of water at these growth phases will clearly decrease production.
Although it requires sufficient water, maize plants do not like long pools of water for maize to form air vessels (aerenchyma) it is necessary to manufacture (ditch or drainage) is a drainage ground, drain, throw away, or drain water to avoid damage to plants. While on the ground with high acidity it is necessary (Chalk) is one way of improvement (amelioration) soils that are too acidic (low pH) to increase. Soils that are too acid (low pH) can not provide essential nutrients for plants.
There are various ways to planting maize, one of which is method the not cultivate the soil. This method is plant without preparation of land treatment, such as the reversal and crushing of soil.
Non-tillage cultivation is usually done in Indonesia using tugal (Indonesia language). Tugal serves to perforate the ground where the seeds are planted. While in other countries, do with (mekanisasi) or planting with a seed sowing machine (seed drill). Usually planted as many as 60,000 to 120,000 plants per ha, with the distance between rows (50-100 cm) and the distance in rows (10-40 cm).
The method of planting maize without tillage is very simple, Because after making a hole on the ground, maize farmers directly insert the seed into the hole. Methods without ground treatment like this, in some other countries there are also doing it, the difference is they use "Planter" to punch the ground. The following are advantages and disadvantages of using the method without cultivate the soil.
The advantages of using the method without tillage, among others :
(a) Mempercepat penanaman.
(b) Cost savings.
(c) Avoid soil damage, so mineral potential is not disturbed
(d) Reduce soil erosion of upper soil nutrients due to processing
Disadvantages of using the method without tillage, among others :
(a) Without soil drilling, weeds will grow to interfere with plant growth.
(b) If the soil is not opened, it is likely that pest remains are still breeding, and could disrupt the growth of the next plant.
Planting maize without tillage is very easy, usually in rain-fed or technical irrigation rice fields that can be done. but planting in this way, not all types of land can be applied except that has a good degree of fertile soil.
So on the occasion of today the author will explain in full about the system of planting corn (without cultivating the soil). This system is generally done by Indonesia people, especially in Aceh.
Preparation of straw mulch
Straw is the agricultural maize residue in form of stalk and stems of plants that have dried, after the grains are separated, while Mulch.
is a plant cover material to keep soil moisture and suppress the growth of weed diseases so the plants grow well.
Preparation of land in question here is the clearing of land from the remaining harvest on rice field that will be used as a place of maize cultivation. Then the straw is sprinkled evenly over the surface of the land for mulch cover.
Drainage preparation
Making drainage to keep puddles on the land, because there is no soil treatment.
Weed are a factor that can interfere with plant growth, plant corn by method without cultivate the soil, weed must be cleaned and sprayed using systemic herbicides or herbicides as needed.
The next process, re-control the land that has been sprayed within 3 days, if the weed still there then spray returns. A week after herbicide spraying, the land is ready for cultivation.
Fertilization in planting land
Fertilization is done using organic fertilizer, compost or manure. The dosage of organic fertilizer for maize crops about 1.5-2 ton per hectare, if necessary add a lime of about 300-400 kg per hectare.
Maize planting is done with several stages namely: Preparation of seed, set the spacing of maize, planting, provision of additional fertilizer and Irrigation.
Each of these stage is a job that must be done when the planting maize without the processing of land, Here's an explanation each of those stage :
Preparation of seed
prepare seed for planting, preferably superior seeds, do according to the seed manufacturer's recommendation. If the maize not from the factory, then soaked in advance with insecticides to be protected from disease attacks. For users of plant seeds from the factory then do not need to be soaked again with intensida.
Set the spacing of maize
The distance of maize planting about 20 cm, while distance between lines 70-75 cm.
Planting of maize
Planting of seedlings should be done a week after application of organic fertilizer, Make seed hole about 3-5 cm with coil (Single) or planting machine (planter), then put 2 maize kernels in one planting hole and closed with soil. Check the seed growth after one week. Then add other seeds to the plant that failed to grow.
Giving additional fertilizer
Given additional fertilizer to maize plant that have been planted 2-3 times in a single plant depending on the level of soil fertility, If hybrid maize seed that in planting usually require more fertilizer than regular maize.
The type of fertilizer required by corn plants must satisfy the elements of N, P and K. The N element can be obtained from urea, the P element of SP-36 and the K element of KCl. The dose of fertilizer for maize cultivation based on Balitbangtan recommendations per hectare is 350 kg Urea + 200 kg SP-36 + 100 kg KCl. source.
The best irrigation for maize crops used is on paddy fields using a calming system namely the ditch part that is flooded with water.
While the way to drain the water throughout the ditch drainage that has been made is let the water permeate on the land where the corn crop grows. water re-issued after the land looks wet.
The growth of corn plants there are 5 phases that is the initial growth, vegetative growth, flowering, seed filling and maturation.
Hybrid maize harvest age depends on its type and variety. However, the maize fruit that is ready to be harvested can be seen from (kelobot) is brownish white and not leave the mark when the seeds use nails. The harvest done before or after the physiology
Before harvesting, the maize fruit weights peeled and trimmed the top so that the remaining trees are maize fruit that still (berkelobot). This goal speeds up the drying process of maize. Or can also peeled (kelobot) then dried corn on the floor by using a mat or tarpaulin.
The planting maize is very easy, even can be done by everyone. Maize is one of the many cultivated in Indonesia, because this source of food is one of the many carbohydrate plants. Until now, maize still has a high selling value, even more sweet maize types are processed for food such as cooking vegetables, baking and as roasted maize.
Maize planting is done with several stages namely: Preparation of seed, set the spacing of maize, planting, provision of additional fertilizer and Irrigation.
Before planting maize, it is important to note that the land that has been prepared is clean from weeds? Does the drainage to irrigate on maize crops already exist? To add soil nutrients, whether it has provided organic fertilizer, compost and manure?.
Source
wikipedia.org
alamtani.com
wikipedia.org
wikipedia.org
wikipedia.org
wikipedia.org
wikipedia.org
agrotani.com
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