Linux system Linux is one of the most popular operating systems in the world of computers and networks. The operating system is the basic platform for operating computers, applications and software . One of the most popular operating systems is Microsoft's Windows system, the Linux system, and Apple's Mac system. Linux is classified as an open-source system, that is, the code built on Linux is a free code that everyone can access and modify. The Linux system is included under the GNU / Linux project, which is not exclusive to anyone; Building and solving its problems. The Linux system was invented in 1991 by Linus Torvalds, who was a last year student at the University of Helsinki, and after Linus developed it for free as an open source operating system. [1] Linux System Features When choosing an operating system specific perceived characteristics and features that the user benefit greatly, and each operating system in the computer own different uses for the rest of the world systems other, the system Linux is characterized by many of the characteristics and features that give it a special elegance, and the areas of the use of distinctive and its own. Characteristics of the Linux system: [2] The high level of security and protection against computer viruses, also provides the encryption feature significantly. The Linux system is completely free. All features included in the Linux system are also free and do not have to be paid for, such as other systems that require money to run certain services and features on the operating system. Stability in performance and efficiency, and its software problems are small compared to other operating systems . Easy to handle OS and desktop environment . The Linux system works on different types of computer hardware . Many programs and applications can run at the same time on Linux. Linux is handled by a special application called shell by typing commands to execute the required tasks. Linux provides great technical support for the operating system and many of the applications it works on. Uses of Linux Offers Linux many of the features that have made the areas of many big use system, and because it is free and open source operating system has opened the way for all programmers and developers to edit it and create special distributions suit different needs and requirements, and uses a Linux system in many areas and little ones: [3] [ 4] Networks : Linux is widely used in the world of computer networks because it provides support for the operation of various network applications and programs. Databases : Databases are one of the most widely used Linux domains, providing strong support for security, protection and ease of use in accessing various user profiles and operating system. Website Management : Linux provides an integrated environment of software, tools and applications that help build and manage websites. Maintenance : Linux is characterized by tools and applications for the maintenance of parts of the computer, and the possibility of repair errors in other operating systems , and some services that work in an excellent manner, such as: Recover deleted files, and maintenance of hard disks. Servers : Most servers work for many of the world's most famous sites and companies under the banner of the Linux system because of the features that make it use as a server operating system is very special and required. Security and protection : The Linux system and the resulting security, protection and e-penetration distributions are the most popular and used around the world because it contains special tools that security security professionals use to protect various websites, servers and databases. Linux distributions As an open source system, Linux has provided many opportunities for editing, development and problem solving by programmers and developers. This has resulted in the creation and development of many Linux releases, called distributions. Distributions vary in their use, Personal devices, including dedicated databases , servers or e-security, and Linux distributions are: [5] Ubuntu, which is used for personal computers, is easy to use and provides many features that benefit the average user of the computer . The Linux Mint is an Ubuntu-based distribution, a distribution that is also specialized in personal computers but is much easier to use than Ubuntu. Debian distribution. Fedora distribution. This distribution is characterized by a desktop environment and is widely used in the field of servers and databases, a project supported by Red Hat. CentOs, a distribution similar to the Red Hat distribution but free and open source and also used in the field of servers and databases. The Red Hat distribution is the most popular and widely used distribution in the field of e-servers, but it is not free but commercial, which means paying for it. Arch Linux is a rather old distribution, with no desktop or graphical environment; it only contains a shell application that makes it possible to use it, but is somewhat difficult.
