How to develop child skills
Childhood
Childhood extends from birth until the beginning of adolescence until the age of twelve. The developmental process of the child is accelerated in all its fields. It is a sensitive stage in which the personality and skills of the child are crystallized. The family has the largest role in the proper formation of the child, providing constructive stimuli with appropriate guidance, in addition to providing educational games that develop all aspects of the child's physical and mental , and thus prepare the child to get a high degree of abilities and skills to the advanced stages of life to be a productive individual. [1]
The stages of childhood and the development of their skills
The division was divided into four stages. The purpose of this division was to define the developmental characteristics of each stage and the problems that were expected to occur. In addition to the importance of learning about gradual and appropriate educational methods that help to develop the child's skills and abilities in various mental, emotional, physical and social domains. As follows: [2]
Infancy: from birth until the age of two years.
Early Childhood: From the age of two to six years.
Middle childhood: from six to nine years.
Late childhood: from the age of nine to the age of twelve.
Infancy stage
The child grows at this stage quickly, and acquires a lot of kinetic skills such as walking, loving, standing, and sitting, and accordingly parents must provide some games that produce sounds and color bright and different, the child develops his ability to hold things and move and flipping in his hands, books made of cork or cardboard, it is possible that the mother tells stories in a way voice coloring with different accents sound; all this attracts the child 's attention and calls for his attention, Vsma the child to his mother 's voice to help him learn spoken and expressive language, and there are a lot of For activities that can be provided to the child to strengthen his skills and develop them. [3]
Early childhood
Appears at this stage the importance of developing skills , motor skills and visual synergy motor, in addition to language and cognitive skills, and are the development of these skills in several ways and activities exercised by the mother at home or teacher at the school; by displaying the skill and training of the child by up to Mastered stage, but these activities shall be Either by playing with clasps and color grading, and developing tactility by displaying a number of raw materials of different fabrics or surfaces and separating between soft and coarse, etc., and linking between more than one skill in the same activity, such as recognizing the child that the yellow card is rough texture and red kart Texture , more generally to help develop the ability to differentiate between things, and offer games that contain movement or play with sand pushing the child to use the potential of innovative and imaginative abilities. [4]
Middle childhood
At this stage, the child's physical discharge to school, responsibilities and duties, the expansion of the social environment, the expansion of the circle of independence from the parents, the child learns the motor skills necessary to participate in general activities and group games, and the beginning of the child's acquisition of external values and norms, , And develop the skills of the child by engaging him with some household work that fit his physical abilities, and provide jaw cubes and installation and toys and the appropriate puzzle, and the child must do his independent skills alone Krdda Put his clothes in place, eat his food alone, shower, and lace.
The child must also be taught at this stage to write and improve his / her writing, and try to provide him with the opportunity to solve his problems without any intervention. It is also possible to develop the child's linguistic skills by encouraging him to recite the Qur'an correctly. [5] [6]
Late Childhood
In childhood, the child seeks to increase his emphasis on his independence and social adjustment, as well as friendships and relationships outside the family. The child is familiar with the groups and can assimilate under them. The concept of ethics and conscience is also entrenched, and the self-orientation towards the self and the community is complete. physical activities on a larger scale and more actively than the previous stages, you teach an individual arbitrator who play goes according to certain laws laid down by the referee, and to encourage teamwork and achieve compatibility with peers, and to encourage the child to employ the spoken language in Altmt performance Lee impersonation roles, and help the child to master popular games among his peers and encourage them to exercise and enjoy it. [7]
General guidance in teaching skills to children
Parents and educators should take into consideration some observations, methods and methods while teaching the child a skill, as follows: [4] [8]
Encouraging and motivating the child in addition to verbal reinforcement and praise for the child when he succeeds, ignoring his failed experiences and urging him to continue until success.
The child is watched around by teachers and peers who master a particular skill. He learns by observation and tradition.
Provide appropriate skill for the child's age and physical and mental abilities, and provide the appropriate game or activity to avoid the child's exposure to continuous failure and frustration, and taking into account individual differences .
Do not force the child to participate in a particular activity if he does not wish to do so.
Observe the child while playing alone or with peers in group games , identify behaviors that are lacking, or negative behaviors and try to modify them at another time.
References
1- ↑ "Childhood .. definitions and characteristics" , Alouka , see it on 8-4-2017.
2- ↑ National Bureau of Education and Remote Training, Childhood Psychology , Algeria: Ministry of National Education, page 2-3.
3- ↑ "Children's Games: 3 to 6 Months" , BabyCenter Arabia , see it on 25-2-2017.
4- ^ A b Damanhour University - Faculty of Kindergarten, 'how to develop the skills of the child at the stage of Riyadh' , page 3-5.
5- ↑ Yasser Mahmoud, Child Education Arts and Skills 6-9 years , page 16.
6- ↑ Hamid Zahran, Growth Psychology - Childhood and Adolescence , p. 206.
7- ↑ Fatih Nasirat, Late Childhood , pp. 2-5.
8- ↑ "Tips and guidance in raising children" , the story of Islam , see it on 25-2-2017.
By: Khadeejah
