Definition of education
Definition of education
Education is an important role in the life of societies and peoples. It is the foundation of development, structure and prosperity. It is an essential means of survival and continuity. It is also a social necessity that aims to meet the needs of the society and its attention. It is also an individual necessity. Interaction and harmony with the surrounding society to contribute to it effectively, and hence the education of many researchers and scholars throughout the ages, and had a considerable amount of study and analysis.
Al-Jawhari defines education as a language: "Raising him up and raising him any food," he said: "This is for everything that grows like a child, a plant, etc." [1]
Old definitions of education
There are many different definitions of education , and over time different definitions of scientists, philosophers and thinkers emerged because of their different view of man and philosophy in life and beliefs that he believes, and because they consider it a controversial issue, and the basic definitions of old education: [2]
Plato's definition of education (427-347 BC): (Education is to give the body and soul all the beauty and perfection possible).
The definition of Refa'ah al-Tahtawi (1801-1873 AD): ( Education is the establishment of the creation of the child to fit the virtuous society, and develop all the virtues that protect it from vices, and enable him to exceed himself to cooperate with his peers to do good). (1881-1968):
(Education is the formation of the individual strong body, good character, true thinking, loving his country, aware of his duties, aware of his duties, provided with information necessary for him in his life).
Ismail al-Qabbani (1898-1963 AD): (Education is to help the individual achieve himself to reach the maximum material and spiritual dimensions within the community in which he lives).
Definition of Herbert Spencer (1820-1903): (Education is the preparation of the individual to lead a full life).
Definition of God Dewey (1845-1905 AD): (Education is life, a process of adaptation between the individual and his environment).
Modern definitions of education
Scientists have continued to introduce modern definitions of the concept of education each according to his point of view, but the definitions no matter how they evolved, they all refer to the meanings of progress and progress, perfection, growth, formation and development for the better, and is not limited to a certain period of life, but is a continuous process with him, and Modern definitions of the term "breeding": [3]
(Education is the process of adaptation or interaction between the individual and the environment in which he lives).
(Education is a process that involves actions and influences that target the growth of the individual in all aspects of his personality, and moves him towards the perfection of his functions by adapting to the surroundings, and in terms of the patterns of behavior they need).
(Education is the concerted action intended to transfer knowledge , create capabilities, and human composition, and strive for perfection in all respects and over life).
The importance of education
There is great importance to the role of education in different societies, and their importance is highlighted in several aspects, including: [4]
Is an important factor in the environmental balance , through the role of environmental education, which educates the individual in dealing with the environment and nature around him, as the environment has been exposed to a large risk of environmental pollution by human, so education has given the environment the necessary place in the hearts of individuals to maintain, And the formation of good human beings.
Education has become a national strategy for the peoples of the world. Budgets, plans and human cadres are drawn from policies and countries to achieve the goals that individuals are expected to pursue through education.
An important factor of economic development , through the formation of qualified individuals and the investment of human resources and prepare and qualify them to work in the economy.
Is an important factor in social development , where the individual is raised to assume his social responsibilities, and to know his rights and duties.
Is an important factor in building a modern modern state in line with civilization, and keeping pace with scientific and technological progress, and the individual lives a decent life in the welfare and social justice among all individuals.
Is an important factor in the establishment of a proper democracy , where individuals demonstrate their civil and political rights, and free ideas from ignorance to ensure individuals opinion and opinion and the role of active participation in the development of society.
An important factor in social cohesion and national unity and nationalism through the unification of forces and trends in society to create an intellectual unit that leads to the cohesion of society and the cohesion of its members.
Goals of Education
With the different objectives of education across the ages and different societies, but in general seeks to integrate the individual with his community, and therefore it is concerned with the individual and society alike, and these goals: [2]
The preparation of the good citizen , which is one of the most important goals of education in ancient times and the current era, where education is concerned with reaching the balance of human thought and feelings and emotions, body and ethics to be a good citizen in accordance with himself and with the community .
Rehabilitation of the individual religious and secular, where the orientation of education with the evolution of the time of religious and spiritual orientation of individuals, taking into account the needs of humanity and mundane.
Educate the individual and train him on how to work and earn a living, as it is the process that qualifies the individual to life and make it adapted to the environment surrounding it.
Transferring and preserving behavioral patterns without changing from one generation to the next, as in the conservative patterns of education, such as the civilizations of China, India, and ancient Egypt, where education was conservative and concerned with customs and traditions.
A developmental goal for society as a whole in all economic, social, cultural and political aspects.
Scientific objectives focus on the transfer of science and knowledge to seekers of science, and to prepare the learner mentally, and teaching methods to investigate the facts and information, and ways to solve the individual problems in a scientific way, in other words, education is no longer dependent on indoctrination and storage of information in minds, but on the formation of minds to reflect sound scientific thought.
The formation of individuals and democratic societies so that the individual is mentally open in his ideas and opinions in others, learn from them, add to them, realize his rights and practice them, the well being of the individual leads to the welfare of society and ultimately forms a democratic society.
A progressive goal as it is an end in itself; it leads to individual growth, as growth is an ongoing process as well as education.
A national and national goal, education is a means to strengthen the sense of national unity and nationalism, a feeling that stems from the unity of language, history, geography and hopes of the future and aspirations.
References
1- ↑ "The meaning of education in the Dictionary of the Arabic tongue , " baheth , see it on 2017-1-10.
2- ^ A b Dr. Omar Ahmed Hamshary (2001), Introduction to Education (first edition), Jordan: Dar Safa for Publishing and Distribution, page 18.
3- ↑ Mohammad Hassan Al-Amayra (1999), Education in Jordan from the Ottoman Period to 1977 (first edition), Jordan: Dar Al-Masirah for Publishing, Distribution and Printing, page 43.
4- ↑ Ibrahim Nasser (1999), Introduction to Education (First Edition), Jordan: Dar Ammar Publishing and Distribution, page 206.
By Mohamed Adnan Kammaz
