Ancient civilizations varied in their lives, areas of existence, spread, forms of spread, religions and races. Scientists puzzled for a long time to know the oldest human civilizations. After studying and asking what is the first civilization in history, the scholars of history agreed that it is the ancient Sumerian civilization. Sumerian civilization: The historical cities between Mesopotamia, the Euphrates and Tigris rivers in the central and southern parts of Iraq, such as Warka, Walsh, and Ur cities were small cities before about 9000 thousand years, and then came the role of civilizations or large cities and was the first Sumerian civilization based on the ruins of these cities Which is estimated to be from northern Iraq or from Ahwaz in southern Iraq, but all gather that they are people from inside Iraq and did not come from migrations from nearby or far areas.
The Sumerians are the people of ideas and culture, and they have a great advantage in the development of humanity. They are the ones who invented writing and the organization of armies and cities, although they did not mention explicitly in any of the heavenly books whether the Koran or the books of Judaism and Christianity or the classical books of Roman and Greek because of forgetting this civilization and its disappearance for more than two thousand years Here we return to the story of the discovery of the great Sumerians.
An explorer and archeologist Edward Hanks, an Irish Irishman, discovered ancient manuscripts on Koenigq Hill in northern Iraq. After analyzing the writings, he discovered that they were very old Babylonian words, older than the two civilizations. The manuscripts were older than the two languages in 1852, The ancient writers of the Babylonian and Akkadian civilizations, in 1867 AD, a French archaeologist named Polis Aubert confirmed that these manuscripts belong to the forgotten civilization of the Sumerians and that these inscriptions in the ancient Sumerian language were the oldest languages and ten years later, in 1877, The French scientist Ernest de Sirezac supervised and continued for more than twenty years and succeeded in discovering many obelisks, stone cylinders, clay slabs and the famous statue of Prince Judia. The exploration campaigns then continued for 30 years from 1903 to 1933, where scientists and archeologists discovered many Sumerian civilization.
Here are some ancient civilizations listed in chronological order:
- The Sumerian civilization .
- Civilization of the Indian Subcontinent is still to the present .
- The civilization of the Pharaohs .
- Iranian civilization or Elam civilization.
- The Roman civilization .
- Persian civilization.
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