The first operation to be carried out to ensure that a crop can achieve the best yield, is to provide the plants with a soil in the best conditions. The objective is to prepare a bed with the right nutrients and with conditions that allow the germination of the seed and the establishment of the crop for its subsequent development.
▶ On the other hand, the characteristics of soils that interact with their fertility are very variable from one type of soil to another, so that it is the soil and not the crop that determines the type of fertilization to be applied.
Fertilizers are nutritive elements that are supplied to plants to supplement the nutritional needs of the crop in situations where the soil cannot provide them in their totality for their growth and development, they are used by the plant to form new tissues, they help in the growth processes.
On the other hand, organic fertilization, according to the definition proposed by the Codex Alimentarius Commission of the Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Program, organic fertilization is "a comprehensive agricultural production management system.
Organic fertilization promotes and enhances agro-ecosystem health, biological diversity, biological cycles, soil biological activity and maintains the biological balance between each of the interactions between organisms living in a given soil community.
Regarding the techniques used in ecological or organic agriculture for the fertilization of crops, orchards or plants: organic fertilizers, green manures, crop residues, crop rotations, foliar fertilizers, biofertilizers and amendments.
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