Among the main factors that condition the process of elaboration of granulated organic fertilizers, is the temperature, since it is an indicative factor of the evolution of the composting process, the changes experienced by this parameter are normally used to know the microbial activity along the process and determine the stability of the organic matter. Each material decomposes at a different rate and temperature due to the rate of carbon dioxide production.
▶ Moisture is another factor that conditions the process of elaboration of granulated organic fertilizers, this factor affects the composition and activity of the microbial population, being related to the evolution of the temperature and the degree of decomposition of the organic material. Humidity varies according to the composting method.
Another factor that conditions the process of elaboration of granulated organic fertilizers is the aeration, since being an aerobic process, oxygen is necessary for the microorganisms to be able to decompose the organic matter.
An optimal oxygen level is essential for the metabolism and respiration of the microorganisms involved in this process. The objective of aeration is to provide sufficient oxygen to the microorganisms so that they can carry out the transformation of the material efficiently.
And last but not least, the pH is a very important factor, as it actively influences microbial activity (bacteria and fungi develop optimally at different pH values). During the composting process, it tends to decrease due to the production of organic acids in the mesophilic stage and then increases in the thermophilic phase.
Finally the pH decreases and stabilizes in the maturation stage, and triggers the decontamination of soils with the help of plant species appears today as a new alternative of environmental sanitation on which research continues worldwide.
