Nursing was born from instinct of nursing was born simultaneously with the creation of human and the development of nursing influenced by more advanced human civilization hence progressively developing nursing.
Nursing philosophy is the basic framework a nurse must have as a guide for thinking, making decisions and acting / behaving in implementing nursing practice to clients in a healthy-pain range. The values underlying the concept of nursing include:
a. The concept of man
b. The concept of health
c. Concept of environment
d. The concept of nursing
History of Nursing Profession Development:
1. Antiquity
The development is influenced by the care and treatment of people in the past lived in primitive circumstances. The "caring" work was done on the basis of "Mother Instinct" (a motherly instinct) which is a mother's instinct in protecting her child. Every human being at this stage uses his or her mind to maintain health, minimize less stimulating stimuli, take care of children, breastfeed children and behavior many other behaviors.
From the time of "Mother Instinct" then move into an age where people believe in the existence of mystical or supernatural forces that can affect human life. This belief is known by the name Animism. They believe that one's pain is caused by the forces of nature / supernatural influences such as rocks, big trees and high mountains.
2. The Religious Age
In religious times, the development of nursing begins to shift toward the spiritual where a sick person can be caused by a sin. Treatment centers are places of worship so that at that time religious leaders referred to as healers who treat patients.
3. The Christian Era
The nursing we know today began in the Christian era at the time of the development of the Christian religion, at that time many formed Diakones.Diakones is a women's organization that aims to assist the pastor in providing care to every sick person from house to house.
4. Mid-century CE-VI
In this century nursing develops in the Middle East, along with the development of Islam. The influence of Islam on nursing development can not be separated from the success of Prophet Muhammad SAW spread Islam.Some publication records mention Rufaidah Al-Asalmiya, who started the practice of nursing in the time of Prophet Muhammad SAW is the first Muslim nurse.
5. The beginning of the XVI century
At this time, the structure and orientation of society changed from religion to power, that is war, exploration of wealth and colonial spirit. The church and places of worship were closed, whereas this place was used by the religious orders to treat the sick. With this change, as a negative impact for nursing is the diminution of nurses. To meet the lack of nurses, former repentant prostitutes work as nurses. Positive impacts of this period, with the crusades, to help the victims of war required many volunteers as nurses, they consisted from religious orders, women following war husbands and soldiers (men) who served as dual nurses. At this time found the concept of First Aid (First Aid In Accidents).
6. Development of Nursing in England
Nursing is growing with the presence of a pioneer of modern nurses, Florence Nightingale. He is known by the name of The Lady With The Lamp for her fearless service gathering war victims in the Crimean War, on the Crimean peninsula, Russia.
Florence Nightingale revived the concept of hospital hygiene and nursing tips. She emphasized the careful attention to patient needs and the preparation of detailed reports using statistics as arguing for a better change in nursing in the face of British rule.
Nursing Profession Function
The nurse's known function is to provide assistance to patients who can not meet their basic needs because they have a limitation (illness).
Symbol of Nursing
The symbol of nursing is "Oil Lamp", this lamp symbol is taken from the figure of Florence Nigtingale. Florence always brings oil lamps as illumination when meeting patients in the dark. This oil lamp is believed to have the meaning of bringing light (bring health). Here are the illustrations of Florence Nightingale illustration taking care of the oil lamp.
Conclusion
I think this nursing philosophy is a guideline and a grip in my attitude and behavior in carrying out nursing practice to clients in the healthy-sick range. With the underlying concept of nursing include: human, health, environment, and nursing.
Reference
Ali Zainal. 2002. Dasar-dasar Keperawatan Professional. Jakarta: Widya Medika
Potter A. Patricia, dkk. 2005. Buku Ajar Fundamental Keperawatan Edisi 4. Jakarta: Buku Kedokteran EGC
Widyawati sukma nolo. 2012. Konsep Dsar Keperawatan. Jakarta: Prestasi Pustaka
