The Above goes for a lot of programming languages, Golang is fast because it is compiled. Unlike JavaScript and Python which are interpreted (Meaning it works its way through the code and when it encounters an error crashes). Unlike Interpreted languages the Go compiler will find any errors in the code before-hand so when you deploy it you know it will not crash unexpectedly
This may not be too interesting for the Systems Programmer, but for web-development this is something brand new. Golang has an amazing http and web package. If you want to read more about it you can some examples of it here
Golang was created at Google back in 2007. It was created to fix some issues they had and to be capable of all the low-level tasks C++ (Which they use for their data-parsing) and higher level tasks too! Google has recently been converting their python code into Go, so you know its reliable if one of the data giants is using it
While there have not been any operating system made in Golang yet, It is entirely possible as Go is a systems programming language. Obviously Operating Systems take time and you won't build the next Windows overnight but its something you can have fun with if you are into that stuff.
THIS is my number 1 reason for using Golang. Its not Java, C#, C++ or JavaScript and that makes it worth using in my opinion.