I've had my answer for Ship of Theseus paradox and many of The Zeno’s Paradoxes. There is also a Modern variation of the same paradox called the grandfather's axe. First of all let's take a look at what this paradox is. I'll let you enjoy a great scene from the amazing cult classic John Dies at the End explain the question.
I haven't really studied what other people had to say about the paradox. My answer comes purely out of my own understanding of philosophy, spirituality and QM. If I be more specific, Relational quantum mechanics. I'm not a real physicist. I'm just a smart kid with self education on the internet. I'll let you have a look at my favorite Quantum Mechanic Basics video. It's a 1 hour Google Tech Talk and it's worth every single minute of it.
Two monks were arguing about a flag. One said, "The flag is moving." The other said, "The wind is moving." The sixth patriarch, Zeno, happened to be passing by. He told them, "Not the wind, not the flag. Mind is moving."
The above is from the ending of the following pdf:http://www.flownet.com/ron/QM.pdf
I'd also leave a link to one of the most profound pdf files to ever grace the internet here: http://web.pdx.edu/~pmoeck/lectures/mermin_amjphys1998.pdf
Now let's take a look at the paradox.
Correlations have physical reality; that which
they correlate does not.
The above is a quote from N. David Mermin which very well sums up my view on reality. The best analogy for reality I've come across is the dictionary. When thinking about the nature of the reality/universe try to picture the mechanics of a dictionary. It could help you guide through my writings. I mostly live inside my own head. So communication isn't my most developed skill. I'll try to be as clear as possible.
A Dictionary is a tangle of words and definitions. It's a web of correlationships, But only those correlationships are objectively true. There is no origin point of meaning. A is A because it's called A. I think I am; Therefor I am.
Truth is twin layered. There is objective truth as well as subjective truth. A mirage exist and doesn't exist at the same time just as there is no "You" even though "You" exist. The same can be said about a pen or pencil.
Think about the chicken-egg dilemma. Linear logic is hopeless. So what exactly came first? One truth is that there is really no answer to the question. It's fairly evident to anybody who is reading. But there is also an objective truth: It's just a correlation that's not different from 2 sides of a scale but this time separated through time. If the Sun goes AWOL it'll take us roughly 8 mins to know that it's gone. But the Fate of the Earth was set the moment the Sun disappeared as the Fate of the left side of the scale was set in correlation to the movement of the right side.
Chicken-egg dilemma is a correlationship that was misunderstood due to being separated through time. There is really no chicken or an egg. There is simply a phenomenon or a process.
Not too long ago there were scientists talked and researched and wrote about Luminiferous aether which allowed light to travel through empty space. The entire concept was a mess created through false premises that lead to search a hypothetical medium that allowed the light to travel through space. These days we don't even talk about these things. We need to think different and think simple.
Fields in empty space have physical reality; the medium that supports them does not.
In the same manner,
Correlations have physical reality; that which they correlate does not.
This is where the 2 truths come from. There is the truth of Correlations such as a Father isn't a Mother and 2+2=4 These things are real. But where does this reality originate from? That is the truth of correlata. If you change the language, all the talks about mothers and fathers become gibberish. V+V=X
Don't over think it. You don't cure depression by thinking about it. You don't forget something or go to sleep through trying. Don't go asking whether the chicken came first or whether the egg came first. If you are asking whether it's the same axe or same ship, you are overthinking it based on false assumptions. __Don't look above and beyond. Instead look deep within and deconstruct.__ Only the phenomenon of an axe or pencil is real. You can sail with a ship or write with a pencil. You see the mirage. This is __real__. And that's it. There is nothing beyond it. There are the connections but not the connected.
Each word in the dictionary has a definition. Each word is defined by other words. Words have meanings in relation to other words and in relation to other words only.
It's a web of correlationships, But only those correlationships are objectively true. There is no origin point of meaning. A is A because it's called A. I think I am; Therefor I am.If you take the above statement as true, you'd have to accept 2 layers of truths.
#1 A is A. Period.
#2__There is no real meaning to A.__
A dictionary is a meaningless book containing objective meanings (as in A Tiger isn't a Hippo and hitting someone's crotch isn't a way to greet someone)
There was never a Ship of Theseus. The entire paradox is arisen due to a false premise of an origin point of a non-linear process. Like the value of a cryptocurrency is merely within the utility/functionality, a ship is a process; not a thing. Neither the Ship nor the Cryptocurrency is real. They simply have a real functionality.
( I don't agree with the explanation in the video. But the parable itself is really great. )
In reference to the seen, there will be only the seen.
In reference to the heard, only the heard.
In reference to the sensed, only the sensed.
In reference to the cognized, only the cognized.
-https://accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/kn/ud/ud.1.10.than.html
"What is the All? Simply the eye & forms, ear & sounds, nose & aromas, tongue & flavors, body & tactile sensations, intellect & ideas. This, monks, is called the All. Anyone who would say, 'Repudiating this All, I will describe another,' if questioned on what exactly might be the grounds for his statement, would be unable to explain, and furthermore, would be put to grief. Why? Because it lies beyond range."
-https://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/sn/sn35/sn35.023.than.html
You can follow the links for the Buddhist Sutras for further reading. I'll leave with a one final profound quote to inspire the thinker in you.
As I have grown older, I have come more and more to the conclusion that there is no teaching in physics, there is only inspiration to learn. ... The teacher may stimulate the mind of the student... but the journey to that goal must be made by the student himself. W. F. G. Swann, ‘‘The Teaching of Physics,’’ Am. J. Phys. 19~3!, 182–187 ~1951!.
(Special thanks to @erh.germany for stimulating the discussion that led me to write this post)