Fish is one of the main sources of our animal protein. Fish has a significant role in providing employment, foreign currency earnings and nutrition. Various varieties of fish can be grown in the same pond, fish can be cultivated in canals and doves, and in the couch, fish can be cultivated in cages. Fisheries production more fish than the natural production in accordance with the rules of fish in accordance with the rules of fish through short-term, short-term and sound technology in a planned way. To benefit from the cultivation of fish, the fish farmer has to adhere to certain rules, from the time of fish farming to marketing. Inhibition of fish farming ignorance or neglect or mismanaging profitable fish. Fish is an important element in our daily food list. Due to the many requirements of fish, it is possible to make good income by cultivating fish. In addition to the local market, it is possible to sell fish in remote markets. Besides, it is possible to earn a lot of foreign currency by exporting fish abroad. Bangladesh is now fourth in fish farming. It's our pride.
Fisheries quality and proper planning
There are more than 260 species of fish in our country's freshwater. Besides, there are hundreds of species of fish in the inlet area and in salt water. But the cultivated fishes are rui, katla, mrigel, kalibous, silverworks, mirarcarp, grasscarp, commoncarp, bigheed, rajpunti, nilotika, tilapia, foreign magura, thai pangas. These fish have certain special qualities. These fish grow very fast; Do not compete with each other for food and space; More ponds can be cultivated; Taking food from all the levels of the water, the pond environment is good; Very tasty to eat; There is a lot of demand for these fish in the market; It is not easily diseased, it is more profitable to cultivate. For this reason, these fishes can be cultivated economically by Anas. Before starting fish farming, there is a need for proper and scientific planning.
Fish production techniques
1. Cultivation of traditional method: In this method, the natural food that is produced in the water of soil and water, without any pond management, lives on eating fish. There is no need to take part in any such service;
2. Farming method of fish farming: In order to produce fish in the form of pond, it is necessary to produce partial fertilizer and food supply. Fish pona is to be avoided keeping in view the proper use of food produced at different levels of pond;
3. Fisheries cultivation of intensive method: In order to increase the productivity of natural food in pond, ensuring adequate management of well planned, for a short time, more production;
4. Mixed cultivation of carp National Fish: Rui, Katla, Mrigel, Kalibaus, Bighead, Silvercarp, Mirarcarp, Commoncarp and Corpi are all cultivated for the complete use of food produced at different levels of pond.
Pond selection
1. The pond should be in open spaces and around the house so that security can be ensured;
2. Soil quality is very important for the pond. Usually foil, clay loamy and clay soil is good for pond;
3. The pond should be at least 10 percent. 30 percent to 50 percent size ponds are more suitable for fish farming;
4. The depth of the pond should be kept 2-3 meters and the water should be in full time of year;
5. There can not be a big tree or shrub on the banks of the pond. Especially tree leaves can not be kept.
Pond excavation and primary work
Where the pond will be excavated, the environment, the depth of the water, the threat of floods in the rainstorm, the shore of the pond, the rocks, the dry season, the water should be started with proper thinking about whether there is a provision of water from the outside. That is why it is necessary to first consult the expert fish farmer or fisheries officer. Before starting fish farming or before leaving the fish pona it is essential to create pond in the right way. It is vital to grow natural food in the water and properly protect the way to enter and drain the pond. In this case, neglect has to face many obstacles. Before leaving pona fish pond must be prepared. The basic primary work required to cut new ponds or make old pond. Preparation of the pond will be step-by-step
Step 1: Aqueous weeds should be removed with spinal cord, sputum, and other tree roots;
Step 2: Shawl, Gajara, Boal, Taki gourmet fish and unwanted fish, rubbish, chanda, need to be removed;
Step 3: If the water in the lime pond at 1 kg per kilo, then it is necessary to sprinkle the whole pond in the drum or bucket;
Step 4: Considering the quality of soil and water, one week after giving lime, organic manure, especially dirty dung;
Step 5: If the pond is dry, fertilize the pond, lime / geolight, sprinkle cow dung and plant it with trillies and add water to the pollution free;
Step 6: If there is harmful pests in the pond before the pona stock, then it has to be killed;
Step 7: Pona will be stocked in the form of adequate natural food. Ponara size should be 8-12 centimeters so that death rate is low;
Step 8: You have to leave the pona in the pond according to the rules. The things to keep in mind are: To bring 20-40 minutes to the pond water before opening the mouth of the polythene bag in the pona pudding or polythene bag; Then the bag will be opened and the bag will be filled in the pond and pond water in the bag. When the water temperature of the pond and the water of the pond is equal, the mouth of the pot or bag is half-submerged and all without pond pond; Good time to leave pona morning and afternoon;
Step 9: Supplementary feed will be supplied with the help of Khail, Powder, Vushi, at 10 in the morning and at 3 in the afternoon.
Caution and Care
To prevent disease resistant fish; The right number of pona should be stored; Before leaving pona should ensure that Pona is infected; Ensure adequate sunlight in the pond and keep in mind the pond should not be weed; After every 3-4 years, the pond should be dried and ready for a new pond; At the end of the monsoon, if the water in the pond decreases red or green, then the amount of fertilizer must be given; Occasionally the fish will have to check the health status of the fish; The pond should be dragged into the pond and increase the amount of oxygen and fish exercises.
Stockpile care stock
Most of the fishes that are collected from the fish farmer hatchery are not suitable for direct cultivation of pond. Farmers sometimes fall short of the small pona in the pond and the farmers are often affected. It killed Pona at a massive rate. Because of this Pona has to be nursing properly. Pona reserves can be given to the pond after calculation of pona after nursing, and subsequent management of food should be appropriate. In the case of single farming, especially the horns, magura, Kai, and tilapia etc., many farmers have been affected by hatchery directly from the pond. A common error of our fishery farmers, without the need for pond more than pond, They are more likely to produce more than pona without much thought. Considering the type of farming, infrastructure, water transfer facilities, food type, duration of fish farming and fish species, the amount of pona reserves is determined. They can take advice from an experienced farmer or experienced fisheries officer. It is important to ensure the production of more than the pona rather than leaving the pona in a moderate quantity.
Transportation and Obligation of Pona Elections
Farmers should be made from standard brood and will get antibodies free of pona, the same size and aged disease. After collecting quality pona it will be properly released in the pond after transport and transport in the right order. Pona has died extensively because of transportable crises and pona is not durable properly before transport. Many times, if not killed instantly, Pona is so weak that many fano die in one day. For this reason, it is necessary to introduce the skills of Pona Transport and Pona.
Mixed caste selection
There are no three types of water in the pond. For this reason, considering the role of upper layer, mid level and lower level in selecting mixed species, each layer should select the exact number correct species for proper use. Often the fish farmers release more fish at one level but they do not leave the other fish for a level. It never yields good results. Moreover, for more fish living at the same level, they have to compete for different reasons. Therefore, for maximum use of each level, the fish should be proportionately released. It is better to avoid species that are competing against each other. For the upper level the cultivators of Katla, silver carp, tilapia, sarpunti, rui, tilapia, sarpunt, mrigal, mirrorcarp, carpio and black boush for the middle level have to be planted. When leaving the pona, the pona will be released in proportion to the proportional rate. Besides mrigal and lobster prawn lobsters will be damaged. This type of species can not be mixed by mixing meat, ie eating each other. Avoiding greedy species of mixed cultivation is vital.
Protect the quality of water
It is important to maintain the quality and quality of the water as the fish live in the water. But many fish farmers are not trying to protect the quality of water. There are fixed parameters of water for fish farming. If it can be efficiently avoided, it can be avoided to overcome various problems of cultivation. There are standard levels of water Ph.m., Ammonia, Alkalinity, dissolved oxygen etc. If the level is exceeded or if the abnormal is less then the hazard occurs. Farmers can measure the water quality by measuring levels through the test kit and take action. For this reason it is very important to keep a test kit for all fish farmers.
Fish food management
Standard food is one of the main conditions for profitable fish farming. Because the cost of fish is more than 70% more than food supply. The food of the market and supplying food by itself. Due to proper nutrient and the size of the fish and age does not provide suitable food, it will not be beneficial. Many farmers are being damaged by buying low-quality food. Besides, it is known in the laboratory that the dietary nutrition is known to the food. Lack of food is not available as the expected production of fish and there is also a lot of food supply. It consumes both food and money and the fish die for pollution. Generally, the number of fish feathers is unknown because food is inadequate as a result of the food can not provide adequate food. It is therefore necessary to provide the required quantity of food considering the number of fish and the quality of the water, regardless of the average weight. Many people provide food occasionally and irregularly instead of providing regular meals. It is not possible to cultivate fish in commercially provided food. If farmers fail to provide food during the middle of the farm, they can not be benefited. Organic and inorganic fertilizers have a positive role in the production of natural food in the field of fish farming. Many farmers want to cultivate fish through fertilizer application only. Due to the use of excess fertilizers from the idea, the danger is called. The water is damaged by plankton boom over water and at one stage the water is damaged and the fishes die due to pond gas production. So if there is no need to fertilize it then it is not necessary. Proper food management of fish is very important.
Use poultry litter
Many fish farmers use poultry litter as food only as a food for poultry liters. But due to the use of litter, fish farmers face many problems. Wood powder is used in poultry litter, which does not digest the fish, and from it indigestion dies of stomach swelling. The same problem is due to the fact that there is only a litter on the litter. Litter water damage quality. Due to ammonia gases in the water, the fish die in large numbers, and in order to protect the quality of water, it costs a lot of money to buy medicines. Moreover, the presence of antibiotics in the soil is available which is not healthy.
Regular weight gain and health care
Every 10-15 days after the average weight of the fish must be taken. Otherwise, the exact amount of food can not be determined. If the fish does not weigh, the farmer does not realize that the increase in fish is satisfactory or frustrating. Due to abandoning pona and providing food, the responsibility of the farmer is not over. A great job of health care and monitoring of fish. If there is any abnormal behavior of the fish or anything unusual in the body or if there is a wound, then the fish expert or the fisheries officer will have to be displaced. But if the disease of the disease is more careful than preventing treatment, you can avoid fishery damage. For the development of healthcare system, fish farming, medicines and nutrients are available which can be utilized by farmers. Many companies are also selling various products in our country. Many times they are cheated by buying them cheaply. Again, not knowing the correct usage rules or using it at the right level is not getting the benefit. For this reason, the advice of a fisherman or an experienced farmer must be followed by proper medicines, exact quantities, timing and application rules.
Farmers can be affected by fishing from the same pond for several days.
